How To Find Magnitude Of Frictional Force
Friction is the forcefulness that resists motion when the surface of one object comes in contact with the surface of another. The mechanical advantage of a motorcar is reduced past friction, or in other words, the ratio of output to input is reduced because of friction. An automobile uses one-quarter of its free energy on limiting friction. Yet, information technology is likewise friction in the tires that allows the car to stay on the road and friction in the clutch that makes information technology possible to bulldoze. From matches to machines to molecular structures, friction is one of the most pregnant phenomena in the physical world. In this commodity, let us talk over frictional force and its different types.
- What is Frictional Force?
- Calculating the Force of Friction
- Are there Dissimilar Types of Frictional Force?
- Dry out Friction
- Fluid Friction
- Examples of Fluid Friction
- Problems on Frictional Strength
- Often Asked Questions – FAQs
What is Frictional Force?
Frictional strength refers to the force generated past two surfaces that contact and slide against each other.
A few factors affecting the frictional force:
- These forces are mainly afflicted by the surface texture and the amount of force impelling them together.
- The angle and position of the object affect the amount of frictional force.
- If an object is placed flat against an object, and so the frictional forcefulness volition be equal to the weight of the object.
- If an object is pushed against the surface, then the frictional strength volition be increased and becomes more than the weight of the object.
Here is an engaging video explaining frictional force in item
Calculating the Force of Friction
The maximum amount of friction strength that a surface can apply upon an object tin be easily calculated with the employ of the given formula:
To help you summate the frictional force, here we have provided methodical steps to follow while calculating the force of friction.
- Find the Normal Forcefulness
The normal strength is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. The normal force tin can be simply described in most cases past the following formula:
In this formula, 1000 describes the mass of the object, and g stands for the acceleration due to gravity. In the case of an inclined surface, the strength of the normal surface is reduced the more the surface is inclined, hence the formula becomes:
θ represents the angle the surface is inclined to. In a simple calculation, yous would calculate the normal force of a 2-kg block of woods sitting on a surface every bit N = ii kg × 9.8 N/kg = 19.half dozen N
- Finding the Right Co-efficient
The co-efficient that you would choose depends on the object and the specific state of affairs. If the object isn't moving beyond the surface, you lot utilise the coefficient of static friction
\(\begin{array}{l}\mu _{static}\stop{assortment} \)
, simply if the object nether consideration is moving you apply the coefficient of sliding friction
\(\begin{assortment}{fifty}\mu _{slide}\end{array} \)
. The type of materials used as well affects the co-efficient. For example, if a block was on a brick surface, the coefficient would be 0.6, simply if it were on a block of make clean wood, it would range from 0.25 to 0.5.
- Calculating Frictional Force
As discussed, the formula for frictional force is given past F = μN.
As an case, permit us consider the block of wood that weighs ii-kg resting on a tabular array to be pushed from remainder. In this case, nosotros consider the static friction co-efficient. 0.5 is the static co-efficient of wood.
With the given details, we tin can summate the normal force equally Northward = 2 kg × 9.8 N/kg = 19.6 N Now that nosotros accept the values of normal forcefulness and static friction co-efficient, we can summate the frictional force every bit follows:
F = 0.5 × xix.6 N = ix.8 N
Are there Different Types of Frictional Forcefulness?
Yep, there are different types of frictional forces. The friction that takes place between solid surfaces is classified every bit Static, Kinetic, Rolling, and Sliding Friction . The friction that takes place between fluids and gases is termed as fluid friction. Hence, friction is broadly classified as:
- Dry out Friction
- Static Friction
- Kinetic Friction
- Rolling Friction
- Sliding Friction
- Fluid Friction
Dry Friction
Dry friction describes the reaction betwixt two solid bodies in contact when they are in motion (kinetic friction) and when they are non (static friction). Both static and kinetic friction is proportional to the normal strength exerted between the solid bodies. The interaction of different substances is modelled with different coefficients of friction. By this, we hateful that certain substances take a higher resistance to movement than others for the aforementioned normal force betwixt them. Each of these values are experimentally adamant.
Read about the different types of dry friction, from the links given below:
Fluid Friction
Fluid Friction is the force that obstructs the menses of fluid. It is a situation where the fluid provides resistance between the two surfaces. If both the surfaces offer high resistance and so it is known as high viscous and, generally, we telephone call them greasy.
Examples of Fluid Friction
- To avoid creaking sounds from doors, nosotros lubricate the door hinges which leads to the smooth performance of door hinges.
- When you drop the ball in a full bucket of h2o, water splashes out of the bucket and is all because of the buoyancy of fluid.
Problems on Frictional Force
ane. A large block of water ice is being pulled beyond a frozen lake. The cake of water ice has a mass of 300 kg. The coefficient of friction between two ice surfaces is small: μk = 0.05. What is the force of friction that is acting on the block of ice?
Solution: On a flat surface, the normal force on an object is given past Due north = mg.
With this, we can find the forcefulness of friction every bit follows:
Ff =μN
Ff =μmg
Substituting the values in the above equation we get,
Ff =0.05 × 300 kg × 9.viii m/s2
= 147 kg-chiliad/stwo or 147 N.
The force of friction acting in the contrary direction as the cake of ice is pulled beyond the lake is 147 Due north.
2. A man has to push button his gunkhole on the shore across the mud to get to the water. The coefficient of friction betwixt the boat and the mud is given by μ = 0.400. If the boat has a mass of xl kg, calculate the magnitude of the force of friction interim on the gunkhole.
Solution: On a flat surface, the normal force on an object is N = mg.
Using this, nosotros tin calculate the force of friction as follows:
F = μN F = μ mg Substituting the values in the equation, we get F = (0.400)(forty.0 kg)(9.80 chiliad/southward2)
F = 156.eight N
The frictional force acting on the boat is 156.8 N.
Stay tuned with BYJU'S to larn more about applications of friction, types of forces, and much more.
Get access to engaging video lessons for concept clarity such as this video on the basics of friction.
Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
State true or false: Surface texture affects the friction forcefulness.
What is the formula to calculate the frictional force?
The frictional forcefulness is given past the formula: F = μN
What is fluid friction?
The friction that takes place between fluids and gases is known as fluid friction.
What is static friction?
The friction experienced when individuals try to move a stationary object on a surface, without really triggering any relative motion between the body and the surface is known as static friction.
Is frictional strength a scalar or a vector?
Frictional force is a vector since it involves both magnitude and direction.
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Source: https://byjus.com/physics/frictional-force/
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